Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) following peripheral nerve injury and repair enhances reinnervation, and is detectable as early as two weeks post-injury. Unfortunately, many chronic wounds heal very slowly, do not heal, or worsen despite the best efforts of caregivers to promote tissue repair. An intervention commonly used to treat chronic wounds, especially by chiropractors and physical therapists, is Electrical Stimulation (ES). The rationale for use of this method is based on the fact the human body has an endogenous bioelectric system that enhances healing of bone fractures and soft-tissue wounds.